Tooth Extractions

When an adult tooth is removed and not replaced, the surrounding bone loses the stimulation it needs and begins to resorb. This process can happen gradually, but significant loss often occurs within the first 18 months after extraction.

Periodontal Disease

Ongoing gum infections damage the tissues that support your teeth, including the bone. Gingivitis may precede periodontitis, where bacteria and an aggressive immune response lead to destruction of the alveolar bone, potentially causing tooth loss.

Dentures and Bridgework

Unanchored dentures rest on the gums and do not stimulate the bone, which leads to gradual bone loss. Some anchored dentures help preserve bone better. Bridge-supported teeth stimulate only the areas adjacent to the missing teeth, leaving the bone beneath the gap unstimulated.

Facial Trauma

Trauma from injury or accidents that cause tooth loss or jaw fractures may halt bone stimulation, leading to deterioration. A bone graft may restore these areas.

Misalignment

Teeth without opposing contact may over-erupt, affecting the underlying bone. TMJ disorders, abnormal wear, and untreated issues can also lead to uneven forces, reducing stimulation and resulting in bone loss.

Osteomyelitis

This bacterial bone infection can reduce blood supply to the jaw. Treatment usually includes antibiotics and surgical removal of affected bone, followed by bone grafting if needed.

Tumors

Both benign and malignant facial tumors may require removal of jaw sections. Reconstructive bone grafting is often needed to restore function after tumor treatment.

Developmental Deformities

Congenital conditions may result in underdeveloped bone structures. In such cases, grafting can help reconstruct areas to improve function and support dental restorations.

Sinus Deficiencies

When upper molars are lost, the supporting bone can resorb, and the sinus may expand. This results in insufficient bone for implants. A sinus lift can restore bone height and allow implant placement.